Effects Of Television Programmes And Cartoons On Children Media Essay

Word of media plural of word of medium which comes from Latin and it means as well as a device, environment and kind of media tool which we use when we communicate. On the other hand, we use the word of “media” in Turkish language and that sounds unkind than other versions but at the same time we use mass communication medium conception. However, the word is not a Turkish word but created a close relation with the meaning and usage of the word. Nevertheless, the words of “media concept” or “mediums” kind of wrong usages shows us that how impractical of the concept and that word has entered our language as well as creating confusion. (Halil NalçaoÄŸlu , 2003, Medya ve Toplum, Ips Ä°letiÅŸim Vakfı Yayınları, Ä°stanbul)

After all commited researches, we saw that mass communications tools was investigating effects of delivered messages on upon the targets from the beginnings to date. For that reason, receivers of messages in other words audiance or listeners situations were carried an important weight and it was aroused more attention than other components of communication. The audience understand the message of the acceptance of active or passive, the research found likely to be correct, however, dubious, questionable, problematic parts formed. (Şahinde Yavuz, 2005, Medya ve İzleyici, Bitmeyen Tartışma, Vadi Yayınları, Ankara)

Today on the role of media influence and a lot of research has been done. Researchers, the event continues today, according to the liberal pluralist approach, especially the visual media presentation and a principled understanding of the task falls on the way up was needed. To give a presentation of the message by the principles of ethical norms on the one hand, and how the presentation of the message transmitted limits on the other hand, also sets the line between social media and are defending the thesis. (Ayşe İnal, 2003, Medya ve Toplum, Ips İletişim Vakfı Yayınları, İstanbul)

IMPORTANCE OF THE SUBJECT

In a study showed that the most enjoyable period of childhood, developmental psychologist and expert pedagogues by ‘Before Transaction’ between the ages of 4-7 is called the period. Increases children’s imagination at this stage, games and toys become the most important part of life. Children are very much is “egocentric”. On the basis of the world as they experience the feeling that the world spins around them and they are the only human beings. One of the most characteristic feature of this universe of inanimate objects human characteristics is they believe that lifeless objects can be alive. In kid’s world, any change in terms of cognitive development may be having full faith. For example; Gadgets like the fairy tale Puss in Boots camel can turn into cats or mice. At times like this kind of thinking goes, is sometimes startling. In fact, these kind of fantastic games, movies, stories and fun stuff are tools to enhance creativity of our children, us and that enrich our relationship. To achieve this positive goal, what we need to do is have some mandatory approaches. And this approach results in what direction the research is going to be a case and that will be examined in accordance with references of the researches.

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A study of violence in television programs and cartoons to the elements and their activities were examined and children were observed to behave differently after watching violent content on television cartoons. The pre-school children used in this study and 100 children were observed before and after watching TV. One group was watching violent cartoons, while the other group, no aggression, non-line of the content of movies are provided. Children who were watching violent movies were observed to fight with other children more and go against to their parents and be more impatient of their behaviours examined by the researchers.

Educators and pedagogues are also identified by the “new generation” that children’s programs and cartoons are no different than an adult programmes and shows on television. That shows feels a little girl like a teenage girl and boys who feels like the cartoon heroes subjects unsuitable topics according to children’s age and subjects do not conform to the developmental characteristics of children. That puts at risk of these young children mental health. (Sevil GümüÅŸ, Pedagogue, Istanbul, 2010)

When we consider all these things and we get these results that creativity and thinking system of a child is effecting when watching cartoons on the line up of films including the development of systems that are affected by some negative elements. To prevent these adverse effects from the world of cartoons for children with different solutions, rather than depriving them much easier to navigate and that will be effective results obtained by experts and research results are positive according to the data that we have.

THE AIM OF THE STUDY

Television has an important role in an adult’s life as well as a child’s. Today, as a major entertainment and recreational vehicle of television programs adopted, watched and consumed by the children as much as adults. Programme-makers are aware of the diversity of the audience, and according to different age groups and educational programs are designed in order to their targets. Cartoons are among these programmes and fundamentally children are the main target for these productions.

Primary school age children in the period preceding its relationship with television are identical for the purposes of discovery. Television programs, especially the bright, vibrant and fast-changing elements, moving characters, strongly the sound or light gets children’s attention and affects them. Pre-school children meet with violence watching TV cartoons and that makes them become ready for violence watching these unreal but lively and brighter images. Especially share of cartoons has a big responsibility in that. School-age is a very important period for children as they tend to be more violence and shows aggressive behaviours in terms of their impacts of behaviours because their age.

During this period, a child develops increased attention. They have an ability to understand and follow the continuity in the stories. The described events as implicit in their conclusions and approves the actions or movements of the characters and its mimics. The trend in this period and violence in children varies and changes if they watch violent programs.

Especially those who follow such programs which reflects the real world of violence and those children who believed himself a hero shows aggressive behavior in real life is seen to increase.

During the adolescent period, affected by television charactersor identity formation is less than younger ages. But this young teenage children are more convinient to copy violence the in the television or criminal behavior by mimicking, shows us a rebel behaviour of “traditional authority challenged behavior” can be exposed. (Josephson, W.L.,1995, Television violence: A review of the effects on chıldren of dıfferent ages. Canadian Heritage.)

Cartoons colorful, exaggerated and full of fun world, impresses kids big time and at the same time entertains their world. Because of the level of creativity and thinking system of the children are very different from adults as children watchs cartoons and feels themselves part of what the watch and that develops their creativity. The cartoons and events they watch and follow in a way that’s much easier to adopt and internalize for them. Therefore, cartoons has important activity during children’s internalization period and that learning and observing creates different worlds in child’s thinking system. But the cartoons can be adversely affected in many elements on children especially discernment wise submits and shows us that the ones who did not reach the level of understanding and judging could be way more affected. Because watching the cartoons, children’s world slowly begins to become a part of it. If the necessary intervention is not made a child makes himself part of that fantasy world and cuts the reality between that world and real life. That affects negatively children’s development. They start losing adaptation of the real world and ignore what happening around them. They start becoming some other character which does not exist in real world. (Ä°dil Seda AK, 2010, Çocuk GeliÅŸimi Uzmanı, Istanbul)

The most affected social groups of the television broadcasts are today, children. The broadcasts influences their personality development and socialization who are at the stage of development also well known by the community.

To protect children from negative effects of television broadcasts for both national and international levels, the various arrangements being made every day and joint operations are conducted. Those programs particularly interested by the children and can cause series of physical, mental and moral development damages. The world authorities are working on them not to be too violent and kind of measures taken in the direction of interest is still being investigated as we are not sure if we are on the right direction. (Dr. A.Zahid Akman, RTÜK, 2006, Ä°lköÄŸretim Çağındaki Çocukların Televizyon Ä°zleme Alışkanlıkları Kamuoyu AraÅŸtırması, Istanbul)

RESOURCES

Türkiye’de Karikatür, Çizgi Roman Ve Çizgi Film, Ä°letiÅŸim Yayınları, 1994

Television violence: A review of the effects on children of different ages. Josephson, W.L Canadian Heritage, 1995

Children and Television, The Annals of The American Academy of Political and Social Sciences, Sage Publications, Inc, Philadelphia, USA, 1998

Impact of media on children and adolescents: A 10-year review of the research, Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 2001

Televizyon ve Çocuk, www.medyaokuryazarligi.org.tr, RTÜK AraÅŸtırmaları, 2003, Türkiye

Medya ve Toplum, Medya ve Toplum Ä°liÅŸkisini Anlamak Üzere Bir Çerçeve, IPS Ä°letiÅŸim Vakfi Yayınları, Ä°stanbul, 2003

Medya ve İzleyici, Bitmeyen Tartışma, Vadi Yayınları, Ankara, 2005

Ä°lköÄŸretim Çağı Çocukları Ä°çin TV Ä°zleme AraÅŸtırması, RTÜK AraÅŸtırmaları, 2005-2006, Türkiye

Medya Åžiddet Toplum, Anadolu Üniversitesi Yayınları, EskiÅŸehir, 2007

Çocuklar ve Çizgi Filmler, www.bebek.com – Ä°dil Seda AK, Çocuk GeliÅŸimi Uzmanı, Ä°stanbul, 2010

Çocuk ve Çizgi Filmler, www.saglik.net – Sevil GümüÅŸ, Pedagog, Ä°stanbul, 2010