Biology Essays

The Central Nervous System: Structure and Functions

Example essay. Last modified: 8th Jun 2018

Hayley Sterling The structure of: The Central Nervous System The brain and spinal cord make up the Central Nervous System (CNS). The term ‘central’ is used because it assimilates info...

The Characteristics of Retroviruses

Example essay. Last modified: 11th Jun 2018

Retroviruses have various characteristics that make them unique as gene delivery vehicles. Their life cycle includes an integrated state in the DNA of the host chromosome. Retroviruses are the only an...

The Chemiluminescence of Luminol | Lab Report

Example essay. Last modified: 31st May 2018

Introduction Chemiluminiscence is the process whereby light is produced via a chemical reaction with the evolution of little or no heat. Chemiluminescence, unlike phosphorescence and fluorescence, doe...

The Clostridium Difficile Infections Biology Essay

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

The organism known as Clostridium difficile is a gram-positive bacillus bacteria which has the ability to form spores, as well as produce a number of toxins. The toxins produced by these bacteria are ...

The Composition Of Complex Ions In Solutions

Example essay. Last modified: 18th Apr 2017

In this experiment, we are required to determine the composition of complex ion by continuous variation method. Complex ions refer to a metal cation bonded to either one or more than one molecules. It...

The Concentration Of Reducing Sugars Biology Essay

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

Benedict’s reagent is used to determine if a reducing sugar is present. Benedict’s reagent is used as a test for the presence of all monossacharides and generally also reducing sugars. The...

The Concept Of A Bionic Eye Biology Essay

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

Bionic eye is used to provide vision to blind people by implanting VLSI chips on their eye.The word Bionics (also known as biomimetics, biognosis, biomimicry, or bionical creativity engineering) is th...

The Concept Of Captive Breeding Biology Essay

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

At a time when species extinction has become a serious global issue, conservation tools, such as captive breeding, play an essential role. The use of captive breeding for species conservation and reco...

The Digestion Of A Chicken Sandwich Biology Essay

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

Throughout this essay the digestion of a chicken sandwich will be explained with reference to five different points; the need for digestion, physical digestion with regards to muscular and nervous inv...

The Digital Dice Game Project: An Overview

Example essay. Last modified: 11th Jun 2018

A traditional dice is a small polyhedral object, usually cubic in shape. It generates a random number in the range of one to six. There are also non – cubical dice with different number of faces...

The Discovery of Acetaminophen

Example essay. Last modified: 18th May 2018

Acetaminophen was discovered accidentally, it is used for reducing pain and fever. It does not restrain platelet aggregation (Ayoub et al, 2004; Josephy, 2005). However, the mechanism of action of ace...

The Distance Slaters Travel In Different Temperatures Biology Essay

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

Introduction: The Slater Porcellio Scaber is an Arthropod and is a member of the biological class Crustacea. The Slater has a flattened segmented body and 7 pairs of legs. The Slater is nocturnal and ...

The effect of caffeine on heart rate

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

In this experiment, I am going to determine the effect of different concentration of caffeine on the heart rate of Daphnia. Daphnia is assumed as the substitute of human being in this experiment to in...

The Effect of Enzyme Concentration on Reaction Rate

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

Determination of the effect of enzyme concentration on catalysis using starch an amylase. INTRODUCTION Enzymes are said to be catalytic proteins which increases the rate of a chemical reaction without...

The effect of fast food consumption: Cardiovascular System

Example essay. Last modified: 4th May 2017

Research question: How and why does fast food consumption cause heart disease and negative for consumers? Abstract: I am researching the question how and why does the fast food consumption cause heart...

The Effect of pH on Catalase Activity

Example essay. Last modified: 10th Aug 2021

How does the pH environment (pH 4,6,8,10 and no buffer as a control) of the enzyme catalase (taken from the liver of Ovis aries) affect the rate at which Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) is broken down (measured in seconds, with ± 1s error)?...

The Effect Of Processing Condition

Example essay. Last modified: 18th Apr 2017

The aim of this experiment is to evaluate the effect of processing condition such as the effect of lecithin on the quality physicochemical properties and organoleptic attributes of burger. The pH for ...

The Effect Of Temperature On Permeable Membranes Biology Essay

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

The aim of this experiment was to determine what effect an increase in the surrounding temperature has on the selectively permeable membranes of plant cells, e.g., red cabbage (Lane, 2010a). The cell ...

The Effectiveness of L-Ascorbic acid and Retinol in the treatment of skin

Example essay. Last modified: 18th May 2020

Abstract This report shows a trail of Retinol and L-Ascorbic Acid on the skin of 63 participants. It gives a comprehensive description of how the two chemical would to participants. The ...

The Effects of Concentration of Solute on Rates of Diffusion

Example essay. Last modified: 8th Feb 2020

Diffusion is particles moving from a level of high concentration to a level of low concentration. Diffusion occurs through the membrane but as the cell size increases the surface area to vo...

The Effects Of Garlic On Lettuce Seed Germination

Example essay. Last modified: 8th May 2017

This research project is dedicated to determining the effect of garlic volatile on germination of lettuce seeds. Based on the background information referenced below as well as general knowledge of ba...

The Effects Of Preservatives And Chemicals In Food Biology Essay

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

There are preservatives and other chemical additives in most grocery store food products, whether during processing, packaging or storing.   Some additives are natural, like salt or sugar, but some ...

The Electron Transport Chain

Example essay. Last modified: 24th Apr 2017

In the electron transport chain, electrons flow downward in energy from coenzyme NADH and flavoprotein FADH2 to the terminal electron acceptor, molecular oxygen, O2. Electrons move spontaneously from ...

The Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases

Example essay. Last modified: 12th Jun 2018

Infectious diseases have always existed and have had a major impact on human development. It is widely believed that our immune systems and genetic makeup have evolved over many years under the select...

The Establishment of Cell Biology

Example essay. Last modified: 18th May 2020

Dr Günter Blobel was awarded a Nobel prize in 1999 in the field of medicine and physiology for discovering that proteins encode intrinsic signals that allow for their transportation and localiza...

The Evidence For The Endosymbiotic Theory

Example essay. Last modified: 25th Apr 2017

Abstract Modern eukaryotic cells were originally believed to have arisen directly from a single prokaryotic ancestor through serial mutation and the process of genetic drift. However, much evidence ha...

The Evolution of Birds: An Overview of Characteristics

Example essay. Last modified: 23rd May 2018

Birds are best known for their ability to fly and are unrivaled in their environment such as the skies. They are a very diverse group of animals with amazing characteristics. ”Albatrosses glide ...

The Evolution Of Human Nutrition Biology Essay

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

During a lifetime, a human being will eat thousands of pounds of food. The body will use this food to grow, to repair damaged tissue, and to maintain organs such as the brain and heart. Some of these ...

The Extraction And Purification Of Paracetamol Essay

Example essay. Last modified: 10th Jun 2016

Analysing the Quantity and Purity of Paracetamol Present in Different Formulations of the Commercial Medicine Aim The aim of this investigation was to determine the percentage by mass of pure paraceta...

The Fluid Mosaic Model Of Membrane Structure

Example essay. Last modified: 17th May 2017

The fluid mosaic model of membrane structure is a cell membrane that behaves like a two- dimensional liquid of mixed composition. The cell membrane is described to be fluid because of its hydrophobic ...

The Formation Of Biotite Mica Biology Essay

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

Biotite Mica; is a common metamorphic, igneous and sedimentary mineral, the mineral is stable at a variety of grades of metamorphism but can be inverted into chlorite, and can be formed from the alter...

The Fragile X Syndrome

Example essay. Last modified: 8th May 2017

The fragile X syndrome is one of the most prevalent mental retardation problems that are inherited to generations. The clinical features of people with this syndrome are very subtle and hard to diagno...

The Function Of The Scanning Electron Microscope Biology Essay

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

The Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) is one of the most powerful microscopes in the field of Science. Microscopes are used to help us examine objects that are too small to be seen in a normal human ...

The Functions of Beta Carotene

Example essay. Last modified: 11th Jun 2018

Unlike supplements, foods rich in beta-carotene pose no lung cancer risk. Synthetic beta-carotene supplements have been found to increase the risk of both colorectal and lung cancer in smokers, especi...

The Fungus Rhizopus Stolonifer

Example essay. Last modified: 18th Apr 2017

The fungus Rhizopus stolonifer is a widely distributed thread like mold which is commonly found upon bread surfaces and other food. This is why it has the common name of black bread mold. Due to the f...

The Future Of Personalised Medicine

Example essay. Last modified: 16th May 2017

In the past five decades, the progression of medicine has been rapid and progressive. Medical research has set down into exploration and finding cures for many diseases through surgical techniques, dr...

The Green Revolution: History, Impact and Future

Example essay. Last modified: 12th Jun 2018

Plants are an essential part of lives on the planet and a crucial source of economic prosperity for almost every country. They provide directly or indirectly almost all the food of man and animals. Th...

The Hallmarks Of Cancer Biology Essay

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

D. Hanahan and Robert A. Weinberg supposed that the genotype of cancer cells is the manifestation of eight fundamental changes in cellular physiology (The hallmarks of cancer[1], The hallmarks of canc...

The History Of Molecular Modeling Biology Essay

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

Molecular modeling is a collection of science and art that study molecular structure and function by using computational technique to generate a realistic model of molecule based on molecular properti...

The History of Transgenic Animals

Example essay. Last modified: 7th Sep 2021

Long before farmers were used selective breeding to enhance economically important trait like growth, milk production, egg production, and etc…consequently, this situation sets the foundation of genetics study that support the study of regulation and function of mammalian genes. The study was either through the observation of inherited characteristics from the parent or the unexpected occurrence of transformation (mutations)....

The human digestive system

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

The human digestive system is responsible for the intake, breakdown, absorption and finally removal of nutrients and energy needed for the functioning of the human body. It performs these duties by al...

The Human Eye: Structure and Function

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jun 2018

James Stenson Neurons are small in size, microscopic. They consist normally with a cell body, dendrites and an axon. However they are all differentiated in structure as they are related to their fu...

The Human Genome Project: Biotechnology and Society

Example essay. Last modified: 29th Oct 2021

The Human Genome Project (HGP) was the world's collaborative effort to map and explore all 20,000-25,000 genes in human beings, otherwise known as the human genome....

The Human Microbiome Project

Example essay. Last modified: 5th Aug 2021

Microorganisms are important for animal and plant life, their presence in the surroundings is essential for survival of all life forms. This importance can be proved by the large number of prokaryotes in human body, mainly bacteria, it was found that there are ten time more bacteria than human cells....

The Human Spleen: Functions and Importance

Example essay. Last modified: 23rd Sep 2019

The Human Spleen Description    The spleen is an organ system located in the upper far left part of the abdomen, to the left of the stomach. I chose to disc...

The Hutchinsonian and Eltonian Shortfalls

Example essay. Last modified: 14th May 2018

A number of recognized knowledge shortfalls currently exist in biology. The first that appears to have been identified is taxonomical, and is known as the Linnean shortfall (Raven and Wilson, 1992). ...

The Hydrolysis Of Nitrophenyl Phosphate

Example essay. Last modified: 2nd May 2017

The hydrolysis of nitrophenyl phosphate (NPP) by alkaline phosphatase enzyme is a first order reaction dependent on the concentration of NPP in solution. A product of this reaction is nitrophenyl anio...

The Identification Of Bacillus Subtilis The Mystery Bacterium Biology Essay

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

Mixed communities of microorganisms consisting of procaryotes such as bacteria, as well as eucaryotes such as fungi, protozoa, algae, and nematodes are found in all sorts of natural environments (Robe...

The Impact of Biological Weapons

Example essay. Last modified: 25th May 2018

Abstract The usage of Biological weapons is a thorny issue, especially during the twentieth and twenty-atheist. And it has caused much controversy in political and of human rights purview. A biologica...

The Impact Of Oil Spills Biology Essay

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

An oil spill can be defined as the accidental release of liquid petroleum hydrocarbon into the surroundings or the environment due to human activity. An oil spill is a form of pollution that has devas...

The Importance And Production Of Rice

Example essay. Last modified: 12th May 2017

Though rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a staple food for half of the world’s population, farmers need to produce more food in less area because agricultural land use is reducing day by day (Reyes ...

The Importance Of Antibiotics

Example essay. Last modified: 13th Aug 2021

Antibiotics have been called as the single most important therapeutic discovery in the history of medicine. An interesting feature of their historic discovery is that they occur within the lifetime of many populations living today. ...

The Importance Of ATP And Enzymes

Example essay. Last modified: 18th May 2020

The Importance of ATP and Enzymes Our cells are perpetually using ATP (adenosine triphosphate). It is lucky for us that ATP is a renewable resource. With the inclusion of a phosphate gro...

The Importance Of Bioequivalence

Example essay. Last modified: 27th Apr 2017

Bioequivalence is defined as ” the absence of a significant difference in the rate & extent to which the active ingredient or active moiety in pharmaceutical equivalent or pharmaceutical al...

The Importance Of Blood Glucose Monitoring Biology Essay

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease, that occurs when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin, or when insulin is not effectively used. Insulin is a hormone that regulates blood sugar level. T...

The Importance Of Photosynthesis

Example essay. Last modified: 24th Apr 2017

To understand the importance of photosynthesis, research is conducted to help determine which wavelength of light and light intensity the chloroplast would generate the fastest photosynthetic reaction...

the importance of water in plant growth

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

Water is a vital component to the survival of every plant in the world as it is aids in the way that they obtain their food (through the process of photosynthesis), grow (cell division, mitosis), resp...

The issues of captive breed reintroduction

Example essay. Last modified: 12th May 2017

The process of moving individual animals from one site to another, such as from the wild to a zoo for the study of conservation is an increasing tool to re-establish threatened populations (Roe et al,...

The key steps of the implantation

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

IMPLANTATION The life journey of a conceptus consists of many stages right from the point of conception to the point of birth which is one of nature’s wonders. However, an essential stage in thi...

The Kinetics of a Reaction | Experiment

Example essay. Last modified: 24th May 2018

This experiment is designed to study the kinetics of a chemical reaction. The reaction is called a “clock” reaction because of the means of observing the reaction rate. The reaction involv...

The Life Cycle Of Physarum Polycephalum

Example essay. Last modified: 2nd May 2017

In this practical, the life cycle of Physarum polycephalum is being studied. Slime Moulds refers to a wide range of several groups of different and controversial classifications. They have certain cha...

The Lowry Method for Protein Quantitation

Example essay. Last modified: 14th May 2018

Has been the most widely used method to estimate the total level of protein already in solution or easily soluble in dilute alkali in biological samples, the Lowry Assay (Lowry et al., 1951) exhibited...

the methods of measuring productivity

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

1. Definition: Productivity refers to rate at which energy is accumulated by green plant in unit time in the form of organic substance that can be used as food. 2. Types of Productivity: Productivity ...

The Microstructure of a Cell

Example essay. Last modified: 25th Jan 2018

The microstructure of a cell is made up of a complex system of organelles. Each organelle has an important function with regards to the production and transport of information into the cystic fibrosi...

The Mitochondria: Structure, Functions and Reactions

Example essay. Last modified: 7th Jun 2018

Mitochondria are rod-shaped structures that are enclosed within two membranes – the outer membrane and the inner membrane. The membranes are made up of phospholipids and proteins. The space in b...

The Negative Effect Of Clubbing On The Body

Example essay. Last modified: 25th Apr 2017

The levels of clubbing and video gaming have increased in the twenty first century; however the people that go out don’t know realise that they are falling victim to the unhidden dangers of club...

The Nitration Of Methyl Benzoate Biology Essay

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

Methyl Benzoate is electron rich and thus undergoes electrophilic aromatic substitution. Nitration of methyl benzoate will form a major product, methyl m-nitrobenzoate that was further purified by re-...

The Occurrence and Function of Play Behaviour in Mammals

Example essay. Last modified: 21st May 2018

Summary Play in mammals is a widely reported behaviour. It tends to occur in younger mammals and diminishes as they reach adulthood. Play in young mammals often mimics adult behaviour that is essenti...

The Physiological Healing Process Of Soft Tissue Biology Essay

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

It is imperative, as a sports therapist, to understand the process of soft tissue repair to develop a safe and effective management plan for clients’ injury problems. Understanding this, allows ...

The Polymerase Chain Reaction Pcr

Example essay. Last modified: 28th Apr 2017

The polymerase chain reaction was first developed in 1983 by Kary Mullis. This reaction is commonly used in molecular biology to amplify and generate thousands to millions of copies of specific DNA se...

The Process Of Brewing Beer

Example essay. Last modified: 27th Apr 2017

Beer is the worlds ancient and most generally consumed alcoholic beverage and the third most popular drink overall after water and tea. ‘The word beer comes from the Latin word bibere, meaning &...

The Process of Cell Culture

Example essay. Last modified: 24th May 2018

Cell culture known to be complex process by removal of tissue or cells from plants, animals, microbes (such as bacteria and viruses), and fungi process them by growing them in specific conditions and ...

The process of meiosis in cells

Example essay. Last modified: 12th May 2017

Introduction: In this experiment we observed the process of meiosis by looking at different slides. Meiosis is a process in which a diploid (2n) parent cell is divided into four haploid (n) daughter ...

The Production and Storage of Khoa

Example essay. Last modified: 11th Jun 2018

Khoa is a traditional dairy product which is produced in India by both organized and unorganized sector. It is the base for various traditional sweets manufactured in India. Apart from the traditional...

The Purity Of An Aspirin Sample

Example essay. Last modified: 4th May 2017

The aim of my investigation is to find the most accurate method of measuring the purity of the aspirin through the use of quantitative analysis methods, including(1): – Acid-base titration ̵...

The Purity Of Prepared Of Aspirin Biology Essay

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

To synthesize the drug aspirin, the purity of prepared of aspirin is determined by a chemical test. In addition, the percentages of aspirin made are determined (CHM 1024 Organic Chemistry, practical m...

The purpose of the muscular system

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

Human Biology The human body is covered by muscles, made up of more than 650 of them. The purpose of the muscular system is for the body to move, maintain posture, and produce heat. There are three di...

The Rates Of Chemical Reaction

Example essay. Last modified: 5th May 2017

The rate of a chemical reaction is a measure of how fast the reaction takes place. So, a rapid reaction is completed in a short time. Some reactions may be very slow, e.g. the rusting of steel. A chem...

The Reactions Of Carbohydrates

Example essay. Last modified: 12th May 2017

Carbohydrates, or sachharides are sugars and starches that provide energy for us humans and animals. In this experiment, carbohydrates are tested with different reagents, and two unknown samples are e...

The Resolution Of Phenylethylamine Biology Essay

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

Enantiomers are isomers that are non-superimposable mirror images of each other and contain an asymmetric carbon atom and hence are chiral compounds. They have identical physical and chemical properti...

The role of enzymes in metabolism

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

1. Most organisms are active within a limited temperature range: (9.1.1) •Identify the role of enzymes in metabolism, describe their chemical composition and use a simple model to describe their...

The Role Of Metal Ions In Biochemistry

Example essay. Last modified: 3rd May 2017

Metal ions are essential for living processes. Intra and inter cellular communications rest largely on the concentration gradients of potassium, sodium, calcium ions like calcium play a significant ro...

The Ruthenium Red Test Biology Essay

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

This test is subjected to identification of carbohydrates. 1 w/v dispersion of test substance was prepared in distilled water. Test mixture was combined with a small amount of molisch’s reagent ...

The Science of Toxicology

Example essay. Last modified: 4th Jun 2018

Introduction to Toxicology: The science of Toxicology consists of the study of biology, chemistry, and medicine, that is concerned with study of harmful; effects of chemicals on living organisms. It ...

The Separation Of Compounds Of Different Polarity

Example essay. Last modified: 8th May 2017

Chromatography is a technique used to separate individual components in a mixture. The basic principle is, they all have a stationary phase (a solid, or a liquid supported on a solid) and a mobile pha...

The Stages of Sleep

Example essay. Last modified: 18th May 2020

The human brain can function in a number of ways, some of which are still being studied today. A process that we have studied intensely and have been able to generate a systematic explanation for...

The Structure And Function In Four Specialised Cells

Example essay. Last modified: 3rd May 2017

The human body has numerous cells with differing functions but the same basic. The shell of the cell is the plasma membrane and is selectively permeable allowing it to control what enters and leaves, ...

The Structure And Function Of Antibodies

Example essay. Last modified: 18th Apr 2017

There is a type of white blood cell called plasma cells which are produced in the bone marrow as B cells then mature into plasma cells, these produce antibodies. Antibodies are either attached to cell...

The Structure And Function Of Proteins Biology Essay

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

Proteins are large macromolecules which consist of hydrogen, carbon and oxygen; proteins are polymeric chains that are built from monomers known as amino acids. Proteins have a major function in a liv...

The Structure And Properties Of Surfactants

Example essay. Last modified: 4th May 2017

Surfactants are compounds that lower the surface tension of a liquid, allowing easier spreading, and lowering of the interfacial tension between two liquids, or between a liquid and a solid. Surfactan...

The Structure Of DNA

Example essay. Last modified: 15th May 2017

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid) are genetic materials. They are chemically similar but their 3 dimensional structures are different. DNA is informational molecule carrying genet...

The Structure of Phospholipid

Example essay. Last modified: 15th May 2018

The inner layer of cell membranes consists of a phospholipid bilayer. Phospholipids have a a hydrophilic polar head and two hydrophobic tails. Phospholipid diversity is based on differences in the two...

The Study Of Solubility Equilibrium

Example essay. Last modified: 25th Apr 2017

The first part of this experiment aims to determine the solubility product constant of potassium hydrogen tartrate in water, and thereby determine how the enthalpy and entropy change of the dissolutio...

The Synthesis Reactivity Of Ferrocene

Example essay. Last modified: 16th May 2017

The discovery of ferrocene in the 1950s was a doorway to the area of organometallic chemistry and this occurrence was followed by the synthesis of massive organometallic complexes. Although the discov...

The Transmission Electron Microscopy Biology Essay

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

The transmission electron microscope operates on the same basic principles as the light microscope but uses electrons instead of light. What you can see with a light microscope is limited by the wavel...

The Turbidity Test for Pasteurized Milk

Example essay. Last modified: 7th Aug 2018

Milk and dairy products, such as cream and yoghurt, are an important food group in the food pyramid. This food group provides us with calcium, which is not only crucial in strengthening our bones, but...

The Types Of Pasta

Example essay. Last modified: 9th May 2017

Delicious, healthy, quick to cook and, above all, economical – pasta really is the ultimate convenience food. Whether simply tossed with a sauce, fresh vegetables or salad ingredients, or combin...

The Use Of Enzymes In Textile Industry Biology Essay

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

Enzymes are bio-catalysts and are used in several industrial processes since nineteenth century. Its use in textile industry is an example of industrial or white revolution. Enzymes, due to their non-...

The use of Lichens as a Pollution Indicator

Example essay. Last modified: 27th Aug 2021

Bioindicators, also known as biomarkers, are tools that used in ecology, physiology, environmental microbiology and other disciplines, to detect strain and other environmental conditions surrounding organisms. ...

The Usefulness Of Titration And Colorimetric Analysis

Example essay. Last modified: 3rd May 2017

As a child I was reasoned into taking vitamin supplements as they would make me grow ‘tall and strong’. Micronutrients like vitamin C are an empirical base to the formula for maintaining a...

Theoretical Mass of Ethyl-p Amino Benzoic Acid

Example essay. Last modified: 4th Jun 2018

The yield obtained through this experiment is 39% of the theoretical mass of ethyl-p amino benzoic acid. There are few events that could be improved in order to issue the amount of yield obtained. Fir...

Theories Of Drunvalo Melchizadek And Jungian Biology Essay

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

In genetics, it is understood that humans have 44 chromosomes (22 pairs), plus 2 “sex” chromosomes that determine gender. That is scientific fact. Here’s where it gets tricky. Suppos...

Theory and Methods of Forensic Anthropology

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

Introduction Forensic anthropology can be defined as the study of human skeletal remains in the course of a legal inquiry. It is a sub-discipline of physical anthropology- the study of human evolution...

Threats to Urban Bird Populations

Example essay. Last modified: 17th May 2018

Emily Bailes, Ann Bailey, Matheus Blezer Plumm, Tom McClellan-West, Lizzie Yarwood – Introduction The enigmatic creatures of the sky, birds are creatures that are treasured by many around the...

Three Dimensional Structures of Proteins

Example essay. Last modified: 29th May 2018

Introduction Proteins are the polymers of the amino acids which appear in many sizes and shapes. The three dimensional structures of proteins reflects the underlying structures basically on the variat...

Titration of Amino Acids and Peptides

Example essay. Last modified: 21st Aug 2018

Titration is the process used to analyze the acid-base behaviour of amino acids and peptides. A 0.25 g sample of unknown amino acid and aspartame were transferred quantitatively to separate 250-ml Erl...

Tomato Growth, Ripening and Postharvest Physiology

Example essay. Last modified: 8th May 2018

2.1 DEVELOPMENT Fruit anatomy moves our opinion of fruit quality. The generic term “fruit” covers a expansive range of structures, supporting and protecting the seeds, but where the diverse part...

Total And Viable Counts Of Microorganisms Biology Essay

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

The term microorganisms also called microbes refer to small tiny single celled organisms usually not visible to the naked eye. Microorganisms require magnification for proper visualization and resolut...

Total Consumption Burner And Premix Chamber Burner Comparison Biology Essay

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

Atomic emission is a process that occurs when electromagnetic radiation is emitted by excited atoms or ions. In atomic emission spectrometry the sample is subjected to temperatures high enough to caus...

Toxic Chemicals In Cosmetics

Example essay. Last modified: 12th May 2017

Toxic chemicals could be found in our foods, our personal care products, the air we breathe, in the work place and the water we drink every time are destroying the health of billions of people. We mus...

Toxoplasmosis: Causes Symptoms and Treatment

Example essay. Last modified: 8th Jun 2018

Toxoplasmosis is an infection that pregnant females can get from a microscopic parasite. This parasite is called Toxoplasma gondii. The protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii, an obligate intracellular ...

Transamination Using Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase Biology Essay

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

Transamination is an enzyme coupled reaction that, if not in the presence of the specific transaminase will not occur. The transamination performed by Glutamate-pyruvate-transaminase (GTP; EC 2.6.1.2)...

Transcription In Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

Example essay. Last modified: 24th May 2018

Introduction Biology is broad and therefore embraces various topics in life that concern living organisms. Micro biology for instance deals with the study of very small organisms that are able to repr...

Transfer of Plasmid Puc18 Into Escherichia. Coli Strain

Example essay. Last modified: 21st May 2018

The aim of the practical is to study the transfer of plasmid pUC18 into Escherichia. coli strain DH5α via the process of artificial transformation. Plasmid pUC18 is a 2.7kb genetically engineered pla...

Transformation In Plasmids

Example essay. Last modified: 2nd May 2017

This experiments aims to demonstrate the phenomenon of transformation. A plasmid was introduced into competent Escherichia coli (E.coli) cells by electroporation, plated out on a solid medium and left...

Transformation of Escherichia Coli (E. Coli)

Example essay. Last modified: 7th May 2018

INTRODUCTION: Transformation is a process whereby the genetic materials of a cell are altered by introducing DNA (exogenous DNA) from the surrounding environment through the cell membrane of the orga...

Transforming Monocots Using Agrobacterium

Example essay. Last modified: 11th Jun 2018

Agrobacterium tumefaciens is said to infect dicots naturally. What are the potential obstacles in Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of monocots? Discuss how did the breakthrough (success in transf...

Transition Elements And Coordination Compounds Biology Essay

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

As we know, Manganese is found in the first row of transition metal with the electron configuration [Ar] 3d5 4s2. Besides that, Manganese has different type of oxidation states when it appears as a co...

Transmucosal Drug Delivery: Advantages

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jun 2018

INTRODUCTION: Among the various routes of the drug delivery, oral route is mostly favored by the patients and preferred by the clinicians. However, peroral (Jain.et.al.,2003) administrations of drugs ...

Transplant Rejection: Causes, Types and Prevention

Example essay. Last modified: 11th Jun 2018

Through this project I have researched transplants of organs, cells and tissues, Transplant rejection, the Human Immune System and the role of antibodies. Transplatation is the process where healthy c...

Treatments for Metronidazole-Resistant Giardiasis - A Review

Example essay. Last modified: 6th Jun 2018

Nicole Wagner Abstract Giardiasis is a protozoal infection and a health issue in many parts of the world for both humans and animals. Giardia spp. Are responsible for diarrheal diseases, and...

Tulsi and Neem Extract Effects on Mosquito Larvae

Example essay. Last modified: 15th May 2018

The effect of Neem and Tulsi on mosquito larvae. The project is aimed at finding natural pesticides or bio-pesticides that effectively control the mosquito population by killing mosquito larvae. They ...

Two Main Types Of Cells In Nervous System Biology Essay

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

There are two main types of cells in the nervous system. These two types are neurons and neuroglia. A neuron is a nerve cell that transmits impulses of the nervous system. Three main parts make up a ...

Two Step Extraction Of Pyrethrins From Pyrethrum

Example essay. Last modified: 28th Apr 2017

The experimental determination of the concentration and yield of pyrethrins from chrysanthemum pyrethrum flower is usually carried out with chromatographic techniques; and accordingly, a lot of method...

Types and Causes of Food Waste

Example essay. Last modified: 24th May 2018

1. Introduction The aim of the research study is to make an overall analysis of food wastes, its various types and their causes, composting and different processes involved, various methods and techni...

Types of Chemotherapy Drugs

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jun 2018

Introduction Chemotherapy is one the many treatments for cancers found today. This treatment involves the use of drugs to treat tumors in the body. These drugs are categorized depending on their abili...

Types of Contrast Media in Radiology

Example essay. Last modified: 22nd May 2018

After one year the x-ray were discovered, inspired air became the first recognized contrast agent in radiographic examinations of the chest. The first contrast studies were carried out the upper gastr...

Types of Leadership Styles

Example essay. Last modified: 27th Mar 2018

Introduction Leadership is a complex and diverse place of knowledge and it transforms potential into reality. (J Antonakis, etal, 2004) According to author being a leader changes everything. It’...

Types of Metabolism in Humans

Example essay. Last modified: 25th May 2018

Metabolism is the physical and chemical processes that occur inside the cells of the body to maintain life by generating, storing, and expending energy. It is the combination of the constructive phase...

Types of Modified Starch

Example essay. Last modified: 7th Aug 2018

Native starches are structurally too weak and limited functions for application in pharmaceutical, food and non-food technologies due to its inherent weakness of hydration, swelling and structural org...

Types of Plant Cells and Their Functions

Example essay. Last modified: 14th May 2018

Parenchyma cells are one of the three main types of plant cells. They are the general and multifunctional cells that make up much of a plant (Dengler, Nancy). Within the Parenchyma genre, there are se...

Types of Plants and Animal Cells

Example essay. Last modified: 29th May 2018

Cells are the basic structure of all living things. All plants and animals have cells. All cells have three main parts, the nucleus, cytoplasm, and membrane. The nucleus is an organelle that is in the...

Types of Tonsillitis: An Overview of Causes and Treatments

Example essay. Last modified: 30th May 2018

There are 2 main types of tonsillitis: acute and chronic. Acute tonsillitis can either be bacterial or viral in origin. Subacute tonsillitis is caused by the bacterium Actinomyces. Chronic tonsillitis...

Types of Transmembrane Proteins

Example essay. Last modified: 17th May 2018

Transmembrane proteins span entire biological membrane. They are also called as integral proteins because they run throughout the biomembrane. The firm attachment of Integral proteins to membranes is ...

Ultrasonic Waves Uses and Development

Example essay. Last modified: 18th May 2018

Ultrasonics refers to the study of application of sound waves higher in frequency than the human audible range. Music and common sounds that are considered as 12 kHz or less, while some humans can hea...

Uncoupler of Oxidative Phosphorylation

Example essay. Last modified: 24th May 2018

Uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria inhibit the coupling between the electron transport and phosphorylation reactions and thus inhibit ATP synthesis without affecting the respirato...

Understanding an Unknown Protein Sequence

Example essay. Last modified: 16th May 2018

Title Understanding an unknown protein sequence provided that was found to be [Physcomitrella patens] >gi|162695322|gb|EDQ81666.1| Seq ID: gi|168001481|ref|XP_001753443.1S Abstract A protein sequence...

Understanding Nutrient Interactions in Ecosystems

Example essay. Last modified: 16th May 2018

Jenny Shoener Lab Partners: Garrett, Jilda, & Ying Purpose The purpose of conducting this experiment was to see an overview of how an ecosystem works. Also to view how organisms and the enviro...

Understanding The Chemistry Of Nickel

Example essay. Last modified: 21st Apr 2017

Nickel is silvery white [1] and lustrous metal. It is the 7th most abundant transition metal and 24th most abundant element in the crust of earth. It has an atomic number of 28, atomic mass of 58.71 g...

Unknown Metals Chemical and Physical Properties

Example essay. Last modified: 17th May 2018

Identification of metals Abstract This experiment will investigate chemical and physical properties of three unknown metals in order to identify them from nine different metals Mg, Al, Fe, Zn, Ni, Pt,...

Urea Recycling in Ruminants

Example essay. Last modified: 21st May 2018

Animals have a certain state of protein metabolism, varying from negative to positive protein balances. This balance level is influenced e.g. by the efficiency of nitrogen (N) utilization in animals. ...

Urinary Tract Infection (UTI): Causes and Treatment

Example essay. Last modified: 25th May 2018

Urinary tract is the most common organ to experience infection which occurs from neonates to geriatrics. It account for 8.3 million doctor visit each year and represent the second most common infectio...

Use of Enzymes for Clinical Diagnosis

Example essay. Last modified: 16th Jul 2018

Clinical enzymology is branch off medical science deals with the usage of enzymes for diagnosis prognosis of various diseases. In general, each enzyme of clinical significance is found in many tissues...

Use Of Karyotype Analysis In Genetic Counseling Biology Essay

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

Complete set of metaphase chromosome is called karyotype. It is widely used to detect the chromosomal abnormalities that are related to the genetic diseases and various type of cancer. As the biomed...

Use of Spectrophotometry in Enzyme Kinetics

Example essay. Last modified: 14th May 2018

An enzyme catalyses the conversion of a substrate to a product. The rate of the catalysed reaction or the activity of the enzyme can be determined by measuring either the decrease in substrate concent...

Use of Transition Metals in Nanotechnology

Example essay. Last modified: 21st May 2018

Part 1: Introduction 1.1  Nanotechnology or “nanotech” is the branch of engineering that deals with things smaller than 100 nanometers. It is the study of the controlling of matter on an ...

Uses of Medicinal Plants: Literature Review

Example essay. Last modified: 14th May 2018

People all over the world use different medicinal plants for curing various diseases and to find a solution to various ailments. India being the home to rich flora and fauna holds the panacea to many...

Uses Of Peroxidases Enzymes

Example essay. Last modified: 8th May 2017

Peroxidases are oxidoreductases produced by number of plants and microorganisms. Reduction of Peroxidases in presence of electron donating substrate makes Peroxidases useful in many commercial applica...

Using Beers Law To Verify Laws Of Electrolysis Biology Essay

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

My research question “How can Beer’s law be used to verify Faraday’s First law of electrolysis and to determine Avogadro’s number and Faraday’s constant by electrolysis o...

Using Gel Filtration To Study Ligand Protein Interaction Biology Essay

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

The purpose of this experiment is to seperate particles as complex and the other small ones by helping gel exlusion chromotography and calculate affinity as a percent. THEORY Gel filtration chromatogr...

Using Recrystallisation Improve The Purity Of Aspirin Biology Essay

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

In this experiment I have investigated the research question – How does the process of recrystallisation improve the purity of Aspirin. I used a well documented method of preparing Aspirin. Havi...

Utilisation of Grasscutter for Household Protein Intake

Example essay. Last modified: 21st Aug 2018

Abstract  Sustainability in Nigerian Agriculture with preference to grasscutter production was examined in this study. The study is considered necessary due to insufficient information on the subject...

UV Of Sodium Aminosalicylate Biology Essay

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

Specific absorbance of the sodium aminosalicylate can be determined by using the Beer-Lambert law equation with the presence of the value of concentration of the sodium aminosalicylate and the absorba...

UV Spectrophotometric Method: Captopril and Lisinopril

Example essay. Last modified: 23rd May 2018

100 mg of Captopril was weighed accurately and transferred in to 100 ml volumetric flask. Drug dissolved in small quantity of 0.9% NaCl and sufficient quantity of NaCl solution to added to produce 100...

UV Spectroscopy Technique and Applications

Example essay. Last modified: 16th May 2018

Rate studies kinetics involve the measurements of the change in the concentration of a participant/reactant in the reaction as a function of time. Spectroscopic rate measurements involve the measureme...

UV Visible Spectrophotometry and Solution Absorption

Example essay. Last modified: 5th Jun 2018

All molecules absorb light at certain wavelengths.  The absorption of light by a solution may be used to determine the concentration of a solute or a mixture of solutes in solution. The Beer-Lambert ...

Valency of Magnesium | Experiment

Example essay. Last modified: 30th May 2018

Stoichiometry is a branch of chemistry that deals with relative quantities of reactants and products in a chemical equation. In a balanced chemical equation, we can found the relation (quantities) bet...

Vampire Squid From Hell

Example essay. Last modified: 24th May 2018

He Liu Vampire squid from Hell Introduction The vampire squids are like from out of a midnight science fiction film. They have a gelatinous form and two big fins on its body likes their ears. The b...

Vanilla Bean: History, Origins and Uses

Example essay. Last modified: 15th May 2018

Vanilla Bean come from the Vanilla Orchid Plant, it is a kind of rare natural plant species. The best producing area is Africa island of Madagascar, One of the easier to grow indoor orchids. They look...

Vanillin: Physiochemical Properties, Production and Uses

Example essay. Last modified: 12th Jun 2018

Vanillin (4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde) is an important flavoring agent mostly used in beverages, pharmaceutical industries, food products, etc. Naturally present as a vanillin glucoside in vanilla...

Vegetable Oils Determining Degree Of Unsaturation And Viscosity Biology Essay

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

Oil is an integral part of everyone’s life. Life without oil is not possible, especially in cooking. But there is a limit to which how much oil can be used for the purpose of cooking. The health...

Vegetarian vs Meat Eater Comparison Contract

Example essay. Last modified: 31st Jul 2018

Diet plays an important role for our body health. Choosing the right, healthy and balance in diet is very important for everyone. One way to stay healthy is by adopting a vegetarian diet. A vegan diet...

Venturi Meter Coefficient Discharge Experiment

Example essay. Last modified: 15th May 2018

Aims and Objectives: In this experiment the flow (k) and discharge (Cd) coefficients of a venturi meter will be assessed by comparing the real discharge measured in the experiment with the theoretical...

Verification Of Faradays First Law Of Electrolysis

Example essay. Last modified: 28th Apr 2017

My research question “How can Beer’s law be used to verify Faraday’s First law of electrolysis and to determine Avogadro’s number and Faraday’s constant by electrolysis o...

Viable But Non Culturable Bacteria Biology Essay

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

Viable but Non-Culturable state is a unique survival strategy of many bacteria in environment in response to adverse environmental conditions. VBNC bacteria can’t be cultured on routine microbio...

Viable Cell Counting In Yeast Suspension Biology Essay

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

The aim of this experiment was to estimate the number of viable cells in a yeast suspension that was already provided. Estimations of the viable yeast cells were taken via two methods of plating; pour...

Vinegar as a Rust Remover | Experiment

Example essay. Last modified: 5th Jun 2018

Abstract Despite the vast research regarding rusting, still many people do not recognize the harmful effect it can to environment and to take precaution measure to avoid or prevent rusting. Results of...

Vitamin C Content In The Commercial Fruit Juices Biology Essay

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

Determination of Vitamin C content in the commercial fruit juices by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and spectrophotometry method. 1.0 Introduction : Nowadays, market is flooded wi...

Vitamin C Deterioration in Orange Juice

Example essay. Last modified: 24th Jul 2018

This experimental investigation was designed to examine the deterioration of vitamin c (ascorbic acid) content when placed in conditions with different oxidization and temperature exposure. Home brand...

Vitamin C Determination By Iodine Titration Biology Essay

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

Vitamin C is also known as ascorbic acid, it is an antioxidant that is essential for human nutrition. Antioxidants help to reduce the damage to the body caused by toxic chemicals and pollutants. Vit...

Vitamin C Effect on Apple Browning | Experiment

Example essay. Last modified: 17th May 2018

This experiment was designed to investigate the effect of Vitamin C concentration on the enzymatic browning of apples. Apple slices were dipped into Vitamin C solution of different concentration rangi...

Voltage Gated Ion Channels in Daphnia Heart

Example essay. Last modified: 14th May 2018

It may be possible to use other tissues rather than that of higher animals as an educational tool for the study of pharmacological drugs. Previous experimental studies were carried out in order to det...

Wadsworth-Emmons Cyclopropanation Reaction | Analysis

Example essay. Last modified: 7th Jun 2018

Abstract This project aims to look at the development of the Wadsworth-Emmons cyclopropanation reaction and compare it to alternative methods of cyclopropanation in order to understand why it may be u...

Wallago Attu Populations: Distribution and Genetic Analysis

Example essay. Last modified: 21st May 2018

Estimation of geographical distribution and genetic characteristics of populations is the need of the hour for conservation genetics program. Study of genetic similarity and genetic distance within a...

Water Hyacinth Effects on Ecosystem

Example essay. Last modified: 22nd May 2018

Water hyacinth Eichhornia crassipes is a highly invasive weed which is considered to pose a threat to the many aquatic ecosystems it grows in Navarro Phiri, 2000. It is a fast-developing and -reproduc...

Water Quality: Determination Of Alkalinity

Example essay. Last modified: 18th May 2017

Alkalinity of water is its acid-neutralizing capacity. It is the sum of all the titratable bases. The measured value may vary significantly with the end-point pH used. Alkalinity is a measure of an ag...

Water Soluble Vitamins for Poultry

Example essay. Last modified: 22nd May 2018

The vitamins are a very important class of the nutrients. They play various important roles in the life cycle of any living-being. The absence or deficiency of the vitamins in poultry causes serious p...

Wavelength Functions Of A Spectrophotometer

Example essay. Last modified: 8th May 2017

The graph of absorption spectrum which is the graph of absorbance against corresponding wavelength plotted is a bell shape. From the graph, it can be seen that the absorbance readings increases from 0...

Wet Granulation Advantages And Disadvantages Biology Essay

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

In this lab three different sets of tablets were produced i.e soft, medium and hard using different processes which mainly included i.e Direct Compression Vs Wet Massing ,different excipients which...

What Is A Buffer Biology Essay

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

A buffer is an aqueous solution that has a highly stable pH. If you add acid or base to a buffered solution, its pH will not change significantly. Similarly, adding water to a buffer or allow...

What Is Angelman Syndrome Biology Essay

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

Parents: What is Angelman Syndrome? Me: Angelman syndrome is a nervous disorder of the brain also called as Puppet syndrome. The syndrome was first reported by a British pediatrician Dr. Harry Angelma...

What Is Petroleum Engineering

Example essay. Last modified: 4th Aug 2021

Petroleum engineering is an engineering discipline concerned with the activities related to the production of hydrocarbons which can be either crude oil or natural gas and there is subsurface activities that presume to fall within the upstream sector of oil and gas industry which are activities of finding and producing hydrocarbons explored by earth scientists...

What Is The Importance Of Chelates In Biology?

Example essay. Last modified: 1st May 2017

Chelation is the formation or presence of two or more separate bindings between a polydentate (multiple bonded) ligand and a single central atom. Usually these ligands are organic compounds, and are c...

Wheat Disease Resistance like Gene

Example essay. Last modified: 23rd Sep 2019

  A UNIQUE WHEAT DISEASE RESISTANCE LIKE GENE GOVERNS EFFETOR TRIGGERED SUCEPTIBILITY TO NECROTROPHIC PATHOGENS   ABSTRACT Tan spot is an important ...

When Different Kinds Of Organisms Interact

Example essay. Last modified: 2nd Aug 2021

Microorganisms, as the name suggests, are extremely minute organisms which are impossible to be observed by the naked eyes. Due to their size, they are mostly interpreted as being single-celled organisms and include different types of organisms in their classification bacteria, viruses, fungi, archaea and protists. ...

Whey Protein Powder Effects on Soil Quality | Experiment

Example essay. Last modified: 15th May 2018

Abstract Whey protein has been shown to increase soil quality and water capacity. (Sharratt et aI., 1959) This experiment was designed to determine whether pea plant samples would exhibit similar effe...

White Blood Cells: Structure and Functions

Example essay. Last modified: 11th Jun 2018

Often times, our bodies are attacked and battered by infections, diseases, bacteria, and other foreign materials which can cause great harm to our organs and bodily functions. Fortunately God has desi...

Why is Thermoregulation Important?

Example essay. Last modified: 16th Jul 2018

In all living organisms there is a complex series of chemical reactions occurring, the rate of which is dependent of temperature. In order for these chemical reactions to occur and thus sustain life a...

Wild Type Versus Mutant Yeast Cells

Example essay. Last modified: 16th May 2017

The yeast used in this experiment is S. cerevisiae. Verprolin protein which encoded by VRP1 is required in cell growth and cytoskeletal organization. However, when VRP1 is mutated, it is sensitive to ...

Wisconsin Fast Plants Brassica Rapa

Example essay. Last modified: 21st Aug 2018

In Module 1, we used plant genetics of the Wisconsin Fast Plants, Brassica rapa to study transmission genetics. Brassica rapa was used since it is a model organism. A model organism possesses life cyc...

Year Round Fodder Production And Preservation Biology Essay

Example essay. Last modified: 1st Jan 2015

Introduction In the Pakistan economy livestock plays very important role. In total GDP livestock share 11.4%. In Pakistan mainly there are three types of livestock production systems, rural household ...

Yeast Culture Lab: Background Information

Example essay. Last modified: 7th Aug 2018

In the laboratory, yeasts are stored, maintained & cultivated with the help of few elementary methods. Yeasts, being a group of unicellular organisms taken care of similar to those of most bacter...

Zeta Potential of Liposome Production

Example essay. Last modified: 15th May 2018

Empty and drug loaded liposomes were prepared with different lipid compositions and by different methods. These liposomes were analysed as this types of liposome have particle size in the range needed...

Zoology Animal Report on the Earthworm

Example essay. Last modified: 23rd Sep 2019

Zoology Preliminary Animal Worksheet Typed, Upload to Turnitin.com. Put copy in section C of notebook.  Due before class, on the day that we start observing the assigned animal.&#x...

Zoonotic Disease Prevention and Control Strategies

Example essay. Last modified: 16th May 2018

Introduction Zoonotic diseases are of major concern to both animal and human health and welfare. Zoonoses are diseases caused by pathogens capable of spreading from animals to humans and vice versa. O...

Zoonotic Diseases: An Overview

Example essay. Last modified: 23rd May 2018

Zoonotic diseases are animal diseases that can be transmitted to humans. Transmission can be by ingestion, inhalation, bites, scratches, contact with contaminated products, and vector-borne. There are...

β-galactosidase in E.Coli Cells | Experiment

Example essay. Last modified: 30th May 2018

The experiment for the induction of -galactosidase comprises of two parts. The main aim of the first part was to measure the relative amount of -galactosidase in E.coli cells by using IPTG as the indu...